UNHCR Protection Manual - Related sources
The Protection Manual is UNHCR's repository of protection policy and guidance. The documents are listed in reverse chronological order.
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Refugee Protection
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- Document source:
- Date: 4 June 1999
Executive Committee of the High Commissioner's Programme; Standing Committee, Detention of Asylum-Seekers and Refugees: The Framework, the Problem and Recommended Practice, EC/49/SC/CRP.13, UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), 4 June 1999, https://www.refworld.org/reference/annualreport/unhcr/1999/57707 [accessed 02 May 2026]
This paper examines a particular category of measures which present serious risks to refugee protection: several current or evolving international treaties and agreements which contravene existing obligations to protect refugees. Not all are directed towards refugees or asylum seekers. As international treaties, however, they have greater significance than unilateral state actions, and arguably the same standing in international law as the 1951 Refugee Convention itself.
- Document source:
- Date: June 1999
Karin Landgren, Deflecting international protection by treaty: bilateral and multilateral accords on extradition, readmission and the inadmissibility of asylum requests, Working Paper No.10, UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), June 1999, https://www.refworld.org/reference/research/unhcr/1999/92191 [accessed 02 May 2026]
- Document source:
- Date: 30 May 1997
Executive Committee of the High Commissioner's Programme; Standing Committee, Note on Cessation Clauses, EC/47/SC/CRP.30, UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), 30 May 1997, https://www.refworld.org/reference/annualreport/unhcr/1997/57651 [accessed 02 May 2026]
- Document source:
- Date: 1996
- Document source:
- Date: 10 April 1992
- Document source:
- Date: 10 March 1992
- Document source:
- Date: 20 December 1991
UNHCR, Discussion Note on the Application of the "ceased circumstances" Cessation Clauses in the 1951 Convention, EC/SCP/1992/CRP.1, UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), 20 December 1991, https://www.refworld.org/reference/annualreport/unhcr/1991/92960 [accessed 02 May 2026]
whether forced recruitment or punishment for refusal to join a guerilla group can amount to persecution on account of political opinion, in the absence of proof regarding the specific intent of the guerillas.
- Document source:
- Date: 14 August 1991
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), UNHCR intervention before the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Elias Zacarias, No. 90-1342, 14 August 1991, https://www.refworld.org/jurisprudence/amicus/unhcr/1991/68647 [accessed 02 May 2026]
- Document source:
- Date: 2 April 1991
- Document source:
- Date: 28 March 1991
