UNHCR Protection Manual
The Protection Manual is UNHCR's repository of protection policy and guidance. The documents are listed in reverse chronological order.
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Inclusion (article 1A(2))
Showing 59 results for
Lawfulness of pre-entry clearance procedures and extra-territorial interception of persons; principle of good faith.
- Document source:
- Date: 30 January 2003
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), UNHCR intervention before the Court of Appeal of England and Wales in the case of the European Roma Rights Center and Others (Appellants) v. (1) The Immigration Officer at Prague Airport, (2) The Secretary of State for the Home Department (Respondents), 30 January 2003, https://www.refworld.org/jurisprudence/amicus/unhcr/2003/30423 [accessed 01 May 2026]
- Document source:
- Date: 7 May 2002
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Guidelines on International Protection No. 2: "Membership of a Particular Social Group" Within the Context of Article 1A(2) of the 1951 Convention and/or its 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, HCR/GIP/02/02, 7 May 2002, https://www.refworld.org/policy/legalguidance/unhcr/2002/31818 [accessed 01 May 2026]
- Document source:
- Date: 7 May 2002
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Guidelines on International Protection No. 1: Gender-Related Persecution Within the Context of Article 1A(2) of the 1951 Convention and/or its 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, HCR/GIP/02/01, 7 May 2002, https://www.refworld.org/policy/legalguidance/unhcr/2002/31754 [accessed 01 May 2026]
- Document source:
- Date: 15 June 2001
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Global Consultations on International Protection/Regional Meetings: Conclusions (Regional Meeting in Budapest, 6-7 June 2001), EC/GC/01/14, 15 June 2001, https://www.refworld.org/policy/strategy/unhcr/2001/12310 [accessed 01 May 2026]
- Document source:
- Date: 31 May 2001
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Global Consultations on International Protection/Third Track: Asylum Processes (Fair and Efficient Asylum Procedures), EC/GC/01/12, 31 May 2001, https://www.refworld.org/policy/strategy/unhcr/2001/13248 [accessed 01 May 2026]
The immediate goal of this note is to elucidate contemporary issues in the interpretation of the terms of Article 1 of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, taking into account recent academic and jurisprudential developments. It is hoped that its contents will be useful in a number of contexts, not least in the efforts currently underway in Europe to harmonise understanding of the refugee definition.
- Document source:
- Date: April 2001
- Document source:
- Date: July 1996
- Document source:
- Date: 14 March 1995
The meaning of "well-founded fear of persecution"; standard of proof requires applicant to show that the fear is based on objective facts which make the fear reasonable under the circumstances, but not necessarily that he or she is more likely than not to become a victim of persecution.
- Document source:
- Date: 14 July 1986
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), UNHCR intervention before the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Cardoza-Fonseca, No. 85-782, 14 July 1986, https://www.refworld.org/jurisprudence/amicus/unhcr/1986/69760 [accessed 01 May 2026]
