On the practice and justification of Italy's "push-back" operations, i.e. interception or interdiction at sea; the extra-territorial scope of the principle of non-refoulement; the situation of asylum-seekers and refugees in Libya, including reception and detention conditions and risk of refoulement
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), UNHCR intervention before the European Court of Human Rights in the case of Hirsi and Others v. Italy, Application no. 27765/09, 29 March 2011, https://www.refworld.org/jurisprudence/amicus/unhcr/2011/78323 [accessed 30 April 2026]
